Lumina V6-3.8L VIN K (1998)
Toe-in is the turning in of the wheels from the geometric centerline/thrust line. Toe-out is the turning out of the wheels from the geometric
centerline/thrust line. The purpose of toe is to ensure the parallel rolling of the wheels. Also, toe serves to offset the small deflections of the wheel
support system which occur when the vehicle is rolling forward. Even when the wheels are set to toe-in or toe-out, the wheels tend to roil parallel on the
road when the vehicle is moving.
Frame Misalignment Description
The frame is a rubber isolated sub-frame in front of the vehicle. The frame supports the engine and the transaxle. The frame also provides the mounting
point for the front suspension lower control arms. Any misalignment of the frame will cause a misalignment of the front wheels.
Movement of the frame usually causes an increase in caster on one side of the vehicle and a decrease in caster on the other side of the vehicle. Movement
of the frame can cause the following conditions:
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Bind up the exhaust system
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Cause problems with the control cables
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Create unacceptable noises and/or sounds
Setback Description
Setback applies to both the front and the rear wheels. Setback is the amount one wheel spindle may be rearward of the other wheel spindle. Setback may
be caused by a road hazard or a collision. The first clue will be a caster difference from side-to-side of more than one degree.
