Ford Workshop Service and Repair Manuals

Principles of Operation (Vehicles with Central Locking)

Central locking system overview

This system consists of mechanical/electrical operated latches. The latch motors are interlinked by solid wiring. Central locking is achieved with mechanical switching in the door latch by key or remote handle.

When a key is rotated in the door lock cylinder or an interior remote handle is operated, switching contacts within the door latch supply ground signals to the central junction box (CJB) electronic control, which in turn controls central locking relays. The relays supply battery voltage and ground to the door latch motors. By reversing the battery voltage and ground connections at the central locking relays, the door latches can be locked or unlocked.

The liftgate or luggage compartment lid is opened when the vehicle is in the unlocked mode by a ground signal from the liftgate/luggage compartment lid release switch to the CJB control. The CJB will then supply a voltage to the liftgate/luggage compartment lid latch motor.

If the vehicle is locked, the input from the liftgate/luggage compartment lid release switch to the CJB will be ignored.

Principles of Operation (Vehicles with Remote Keyless Entry (RKE)

RKE locking system overview

This system consists of mechanical/electrical operated door latches driven by inputs from electronic door control modules. The system uses a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and receiver to operate the remote lock/unlock functions and normal key or remote door handle inputs for standard central and double locking functions.

When a key is rotated in the door lock cylinder or an interior remote handle is operated, switching contacts within the door latch supply a command signal to the door control module. The door control module communicates with the CJB using the central area network (CAN) bus circuit. Dependant upon the current state of the locking system, commands are then sent to all of the door control modules, which in turn allow battery voltage to be applied to the door latch motors.

The fuel filler door lock function is controlled by the CJB. The CJB receives the lock command from the door control module. The CJB operates the lock relay which supplies a voltage to the fuel filler door lock motor. To unlock the fuel filler door, the supplied voltage is reversed using the driver door/fuel filler door unlock relay.

The liftgate or luggage compartment lid is opened when the vehicle is in the unlocked mode by a ground signal from the liftgate/luggage compartment lid release switch to the CJB. The CJB will supply a voltage to the liftgate or luggage compartment lid latch motor.

If the vehicle is locked, the input from the liftgate/luggage compartment lid release switch will be ignored.

The RKE functions are operated by sending a radio frequency (RF) signal from the key transmitter. The signal is received by the vehicle remote RF receiver. The signal received is transferred as a data signal to the CJB, where the transmitted signal is validated and control commands are sent to the door control modules on the CAN bus circuit and to the liftgate/luggage compartment lid latch motor by direct wiring.

Inspection and Verification (Vehicles with Remote Keyless Entry (RKE)

Visual Inspection Chart

Principles of Operation (Vehicles with Keyless vehicle system)

Keyless Component Installation, Programing and Initialization

If new components for the keyless vehicle system have been installed, dependant upon which component is installed, programing using WDS will be required.

NOTE:Before any programing or initialization for the keyless vehicle system components can be carried out, an operational valid passive anti-theft system (PATS) emergency key must be present in the ignition switch turning knob.

Passive Key programing

Passive key programing can only be carried out using WDS. To program a new passive key, clear passive keys or count passive keys follow the WDS menu sequence:

• Vehicle communication
• Toolbox
• Body
• Security
• Remote Keyless Entry

From the Remote Keyless Entry screen you can choose to:

• Add Keys
• Clear Keys
• Count Keys

Steering column lock control unit initialization

If a new steering column lock control unit is installed, the only procedure required providing the original steering lock barrel has been installed and the original emergency key is used, is Initialize System using the following WDS menu sequence:

• Vehicle communication
• Toolbox
• Body
• Security
• Remote Keyless Entry
• Initialize System

Keyless vehicle module programing

If a new keyless vehicle module is installed, the following programing sequence must be followed using WDS.

• Keyless Vehicle Module (KVM) programing. (From the module programing menu)
• Initialize System

• Add Keys

Instrument cluster programing

If a new instrument cluster is installed, the following programing sequence must be followed using WDS.

• Instrument cluster module programing. (From the module programing menu).
• PATS key learning. (From the PATS menu)
• Initialize with the powertrain control module. (From the PATS menu)
• Initialize with the keyless vehicle module. (From the Remote Keyless Entry menu)

Keyless Vehicle System Overview

The keyless vehicle system also incorporates RKE functions, however the main purpose of the system is to allow the operator of the vehicle to gain access to and operate the vehicle without carrying out any actions with a key or remote buttons.

The keyless vehicle system can be turned off to give basic key operation if required.

To isolate the keyless vehicle system, the emergency key must be inserted into the ignition switch turning knob and the ignition switch turning knob rotated to position II. It is now possible to select the KEY FREE ON or KEY FREE OFF from the instrument cluster liquid crystal display (LCD) using the remote steering column stalk control. In the OFF mode, the RKE functions still work.

Vehicles equipped with keyless vehicle systems, will be delivered from production in shipping mode. Shipping mode reduces the vehicle battery drain to a minimum to extend the period of time the vehicle can remain dormant without discharging the vehicle battery.

To exit the shipping mode, the emergency key must be inserted into the ignition switch turning knob and rotated to position II. The shipping mode can now be deselected from the instrument cluster LCD display using the steering column stalk control.

Passive Key

The passive vehicle key can receive an identification challenge from the vehicle door exterior handle keyless vehicle antennas within a range of approximately 1.5 meters to 2.0 meters. The challenge from the rear exterior keyless vehicle antenna will be received at up to 1.5 meters from the center rear of the vehicle. On receiving the identification challenge, the passive vehicle key will emit a coded radio frequency (RF) signal to the RF receiver. No RF signal will be emitted if the passive vehicle key does not recognize the coded low frequency challenge from the keyless vehicle module.

If the system is functioning correctly, the operator will be able to open the vehicle doors, liftgate or luggage compartment lid, as long as a valid passive key is within the defined areas.

If a valid passive vehicle key detects a low frequency challenge from the interior keyless antenna and emits a valid RF coded signal, the keyless vehicle module will switch on the passive go functionality.

If a valid passive vehicle key is left in the vehicle and the vehicle is locked using a second valid passive vehicle key. The instrument cluster will indicate the presence of a valid key in the vehicle and the passive vehicle key left in the vehicle will be disabled. The disabled passive vehicle key can only be reactivated by starting the vehicle with the emergency key.

Up to 8 passive vehicle keys can be programmed to one keyless vehicle module. Passive vehicle keys can only be programmed using the Teach Keys menu in WDS.

The passive vehicle key is equipped with RKE function buttons. When an RKE function button is pressed, the RF signal emitted is received by the RF receiver within the vehicle. Data is sent from the RF receiver to the keyless vehicle module. The keyless vehicle module will validate the transmitted signal and if valid, operate the relevant function.

Within the passive vehicle key is concealed a emergency mechanical key. The mechanical key can be used to open the drivers door and start the vehicle. The mechanical key is equipped with a passive anti-theft system (PATS) transducer.

To start the vehicle with the emergency key, it must first be assembled to the ignition switch turning knob insert. When the assembled key is inserted into the ignition switch turning knob, the key insertion detection switch sends a signal to the keyless vehicle module indicating a key has been inserted. The keyless vehicle module will then switch off the passive go and revert to standard PATS functionality.

The emergency key will override the ignition lock cylinder electrical locking function.

Steering Column Lock Control Unit

The steering column lock control unit still carries out the same function as the standard steering column lock, but now it has the added functionality of a solenoid operated ignition lock cylinder release.

For the steering column lock to release in keyless vehicle mode, certain criteria must be fulfilled:

• vehicles with automatic transmissions must have the brake pedal pressed
• vehicles with manual transmissions must have the clutch pedal pressed
• a valid passive vehicle key must be within the detection range of the interior keyless vehicle antenna

When the brake or clutch pedal is pressed, the keyless vehicle module is triggered to search for a valid passive vehicle key. If a valid passive vehicle key is detected, the ignition lock cylinder solenoid releases and the ignition switch turning knob can be pressed in. This will release the steering lock and allow the ignition switch turning knob to be rotated to positions I, II and III.

To lock the steering column, the ignition switch turning knob must be turned to the 0 position and pulled out by approximately 5mm.

The PATS function is armed until the ignition switch turning knob has reached position II. When the ignition switch turning knob is in position II, the keyless vehicle module receives a request from the steering column lock control unit to identify the passive key PATS transducer. The keyless vehicle module then sends a command on the medium speed CAN bus to the instrument cluster. The instrument cluster verifies the validity of the passive vehicle key PATS transducer and in turn communicates with the powertrain control module (PCM) and allows the vehicle to start.

If a new steering column lock control unit is installed to a vehicle, before it will function, it must be initialized using the Initialize System menu in WDS.

Liftgate/Luggage Compartment Lid Lock Button

The liftgate/luggage compartment lid lock button is located in the licence plate illumination panel.

If the liftgate/luggage compartment lid is closed and the exterior lock button is pressed while a valid passive vehicle key in the loadspace area, the keyless vehicle module will request that the external keyless vehicle antennas issue a passive vehicle key challenge. If no valid passive vehicle key signal is detected by the RF receiver, the liftgate/luggage compartment lid will be automatically opened. If a valid passive vehicle key signal is detected by the exterior keyless vehicle antennas, the passive vehicle key in the loadspace area will be deactivated and the vehicle allowed to lock in the normal way. The deactivated passive vehicle key will be reactivated after the ignition switch turning knob has been turned to position II with either a valid passive vehicle key or a mechanical emergency key.

Interior Keyless Vehicle Antenna

The interior keyless vehicle antenna function is to issue a low frequency challenge to the passive vehicle key while it is in the passenger compartment.

The vehicle is equipped with two interior keyless vehicle antennas in the passenger compartment area and one in the loadspace area.

The loadspace keyless vehicle antenna is fitted to prevent the possibility of accidently locking the passive vehicle key in the loadspace area.

Exterior Door Handle Antenna and Lock Switch

With the vehicle locked and the keyless vehicle system active, the exterior keyless vehicle antennas are dormant and do not scan for a valid passive vehicle key. The exterior keyless vehicle antenna will only wake up and issue a challenge for a valid passive vehicle key when the operator has begun to pull the exterior door handle.

In the time it takes to open a door, the signal determining handle movement is sent to the keyless vehicle module, a request of the exterior keyless vehicle antenna to detect a valid passive vehicle key, the receiving and validation of the passive vehicle key code and the command to the door latch to unlock has occurred. This whole process takes approximately 150 ms.

The only time this function will be impaired is if the vehicle has been left standing for at least 5 days. The keyless vehicle module will then enter a state of reduced energy consumption and when the vehicle door handle is pulled, it will take a noticeably increased period for the keyless system to wake up and unlock the door(s).

When the operator exits the vehicle, the vehicle is locked by pressing the lock button fitted into the exterior door handle.

With all doors and liftgate/luggage compartment lid closed, the exterior door lock button will initiate a request from the keyless vehicle module to scan the interior and exterior of the vehicle around the pressed lock button for valid passive vehicle key. If a valid passive vehicle key is detected on the exterior of the vehicle only, the door latches will be locked. The door latches will remain locked for a period of 3 seconds to allow for the operator to pull the exterior door handle to check if the door is locked. After 3 seconds, if the exterior door handle is pulled, the door latch will release as in a normal keyless vehicle entry. If a valid passive vehicle key is detected in the interior of the vehicle and not on the exterior, the latches will not be locked. The vehicle will also not be locked if the ignition switch turning knob is in the II position. Passive vehicle locking will be confirmed by the operation of the vehicles turn signal lamps.

If the ignition turning knob is in position I or 0 and the steering column lock is not engaged, the keyless vehicle module will allow the locking to operate. A warning chime will sound and a warning ENGAGE STEERING LOCK will be displayed in the instrument cluster LCD area if driver's door is opened.

To double lock the vehicle, requires the exterior lock button to be pressed twice. The second pressing of the exterior lock button must occur within 3 seconds of it first being pressed.

To operate the global closing feature, requires the exterior lock button on the drivers door only, to be pressed and held pressed for a period of 2 seconds.

The keyless vehicle central unlocking function can be programed to operate the drivers door only or all the doors. To set the desired function, the lock and unlock button at the passive key has to be pressed in parallel for 4 seconds. If a rear exterior door handle or passenger exterior door handle is pulled when the keyless vehicle system is in driver door unlock mode, all doors will remain locked. If the driver exterior door handle is pulled when the keyless vehicle system is in driver door unlock mode, only the driver door will unlock and the door handle passive entry for the rear doors and passenger door will be inoperative.

In driver door unlock mode, the passenger doors can only be unlocked using the interior keyless vehicle system unlock button.

Exterior Door Handle Pull Switch

The exterior door handle switch is operated from a cam lobe attached to the door latch actuator. As the exterior door handle is pulled, the door latch actuator rotates and operates the exterior door handle pull switch.

Door Latch

The keyless vehicle locking system requires unique door latches.

The door latches are equipped with electric motors that replace the mechanical unlatch function of the exterior door handle when the vehicle is in keyless vehicle system mode. This is because the exterior door handle is already in a semi pulled state before the latch unlatch command is received by the latch lock motors, the latch linkage is not in a position to engage with the exterior door handle.

If the emergency key is used to enter the vehicle, the standard mechanical latch linkage is utilized.

Central and double locking is still controlled by the door control modules, however the commands to lock and unlock are relayed through the keyless vehicle module on the high-speed CAN bus circuit.

Interior Unlock Switch

The interior unlock switches function, is to unlock the rear doors and passenger door locks when the vehicle has been entered using the passive entry system in drivers unlock mode.

Keyless Vehicle Module

The keyless vehicle module is at the heart of the keyless vehicle system. It communicates with the PJB and with the instrument cluster on the medium speed CAN bus circuit. The keyless vehicle module stores the passive vehicle key codes. If a new keyless vehicle module is installed in a vehicle, the following sequence must be followed before the system can function.

• Using WDS Program Module routine, program the keyless vehicle module.
• Using the Initialize System routine, initialize the keyless vehicle module to the CJB and to the steering column lock control unit.
• Using the Teach Key function, teach the minimum number of passive keys required.

Inspection and Verification (Vehicles with Keyless Entry)

Visual Inspection Chart

Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index - Keyless Vehicle Module

Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index - CJB

Keyless Vehicle Service Test Procedure(s)

To carry out a passive key detection test or keyless vehicle actuator test, the keyless vehicle module diagnosis entry procedure must be carried out first.

Keyless Vehicle Module Passive key Diagnosis Entry

The keyless vehicle module is now in passive key diagnosis mode. The module will remain in diagnosis mode for 30 seconds or until the ignition lock cylinder is rotated to position II.

Passive Key Detection Test

After each activation of a keyless vehicle system function, the 30 second time out will be restarted.

The interior keyless vehicle antenna can also be activated for testing by pressing the clutch pedal once, if equipped.

If the vehicle indicator lights do not flash, a fault is indicated with the antenna or antenna circuit(s).

Keyless Vehicle Module Actuator test Diagnosis Entry

NOTE:To carry out a keyless vehicle actuator test, the keyless vehicle module diagnosis entry procedure must be carried out first.

NOTE:Test mode entry possible on drivers door only (No entry if drivers door lock button is defect).

The keyless vehicle module is now in Actuator test diagnosis mode. The module will remain in diagnosis mode for 30 seconds.

Keyless Vehicle Actuator Test

After each activation of a keyless vehicle system function, the 30 second time out will be restarted.

If the vehicle indicator lights do not flash, a fault is indicated with the the component or circuit(s) of the operated component.

Pinpoint Test (Vehicles with Keyless Vehicle System)