9000 Aero L4-2290cc 2.3L DOHC Turbo EFI (1996)
Other examples are the throttle actuator motor in the traction control system, the IAC valve, the boost pressure control valve for the APC and the
EVAP canister purge valve.
It can also be said that the power supplied to the injectors is pulse width modulated, as the pulse width corresponds to the time the injectors are
open.
In the above examples we refer to PWM outputs (the transmitter) and PWM inputs (the receiver). The system manufacturer has a free choice of
frequencies and pulse ratios with regard to these inputs and outputs. Some common frequencies are 70-90 Hz for the boost pressure control valve
in the Trionic engine management system, 56-90 Hz for the instrument lighting and 500 Hz for the throttle actuator motor of the TCS system.
