volvo Workshop Repair Guides

Volvo Workshop Service and Repair Manuals

Component Tests and General Diagnostics|Page 773 > < Component Tests and General Diagnostics|Page 771
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U = DC voltage in volts (V)
U(bat) = Battery voltage (V)
U(low) = Voltage approximately 0 V
PWM = Pulse width modulated signal in %
U(AC) = AC voltage in volts (V)
f = Frequency in Hertz (Hz)
t = Time in seconds

Component Tests and General Diagnostics|Page 773 > < Component Tests and General Diagnostics|Page 771