CL L4-2156cc 2.2L SOHC F22B1 MFI (1997)
Clutch: Description and Operation
GENERAL
The four-speed automatic transmission uses hydraulically-actuated clutches to engage or disengage the transmission gears. When hydraulic pressure is
introduced into the clutch drum, the clutch piston moves. This presses the friction discs and steel plates together, locking them so they don't slip.
Power is through the engaged clutch pack to its hub-mounted gear. Likewise, when the hydraulic pressure is bled from the clutch pack, the piston
releases the friction discs and the steel plates, and they are free to slide past each other. This allows the gear to spin independently on its shaft,
transmitting no power.
1ST CLUTCH
The 1st clutch engages/disengages 1st gear, and is located at the middle of the secondary shaft. The 1st clutch is joined back-to-back to the 2nd clutch.
The 1st clutch is supplied hydraulic pressure by its ATF feed pipe within the secondary shaft.
1ST-HOLD CLUTCH
The 1st-hold clutch engages/disengages 1st-hold or 1 position, and is located at the end of the countershaft, just behind the torque converter housing.
The 1st-hold clutch is supplied hydraulic pressure by its ATF feed pipe within the countershaft.
2ND CLUTCH
The 2nd clutch engages/disengages 2nd gear, and is located at the middle of the secondary shaft. The 2nd clutch is joined back-to-back to the 1st
clutch. The 2nd clutch is supplied hydraulic pressure through the secondary shaft by a circuit connected to the internal hydraulic circuit.
3RD CLUTCH
The 3rd clutch engages/disengages 3rd gear, and is located at the middle of the mainshaft. The 3rd clutch is joined back-to-back to the 4th clutch. The
3rd clutch is supplied hydraulic pressure through the mainshaft by a circuit connected to the internal hydraulic circuit.
4TH CLUTCH
The 4th clutch engages/disengages 4th gear, as well as reverse gear, and is located at the middle of the mainshaft. The 4th clutch is joined
back-to-back to the 3rd clutch. The 4th clutch is supplied hydraulic pressure by its ATF feed pipe within the mainshaft.
ONE-WAY CLUTCH
The one-way clutch is positioned between the countershaft 1st gear and 3rd gear, with the 3rd gear splined to the countershaft. The 1st gear provides
the outer race surface, and the 3rd gear provides the inner race surface. The one-way clutch locks up when power is transmitted from the secondary
shaft 1st gear to the countershaft 1st gear. The 1st clutch and gears remain engaged in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th gear ranges in the D4, D3, or 2
position. However, the one-way clutch disengages when the 2nd, 3rd, or 4th clutches/gears are applied in the D4, D3 or 2 position. This is because the
increased rotational speed of the gears on the countershaft overrides the locking "speed range" of the one-way clutch. Thereafter, the one-way clutch
free-wheels with the 1st clutch still engaged.
