| Description and Operation The new generation of electronic Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) installed in Ka comprises a conventional brake system with diagonally split dual-circuits, an ABS hydraulic unit , wheel sensors and ABS sensor rings. The anti-lock braking system incorporates electronic brake force distribution. The ABS hydraulic unit consists of the following components: - Hydraulic actuator.
- ABS brake pressure pump.
- ABS module.
The wheel speed signals required for ABS control are supplied by four wheel sensors. The ABS module compares these signals with the physical limiting values stored within the module. If the wheel speed of one or more of the wheels approaches the locking limit during braking, the corresponding ABS solenoid valves are activated by the ABS module to create a brake pressure drop that releases the respective brakes. If the wheel speed now exceeds the locking limit, the ABS brake pressure is switched on by the ABS control module. The ABS brake pressure pump rapidly increases the pressure to the relevant brakes to equal the brake pressure applied by the brake pedal. The ABS solenoid valves are deactivated during the pressure build-up phase. This procedure can be repeated several times per second depending on the condition of the road surface and the duration of the braking procedure, and is known as the ABS control frequency. ABS control does not come into effect at road speeds of less than 5 km/h (3 mph). Brake Fluid Avoid skin and eye contact as far as possible. Splashes to the skin and eyes are slightly irritating and therefore the affected area should be washed with cold water. Vapour inhalation hazards do not arise at normal ambient temperatures because of the very low vapour pressure. If brake fluid is spilled on paintwork the affected area must be washed down immediately with cold water or the paintwork will be damaged. Asbestos Although Ford/Motorcraft brake pads and shoes are asbestos-free, vehicles in service may have been fitted with replacement parts, of non-Ford/Motorcraft origin, containing asbestos. Breathing asbestos dust is dangerous to your health. It is also prudent to avoid inhalation of any dust produced from friction surfaces, whatever their composition. Therefore, the following precautions should be followed when working on brakes: - Work in a well ventilated area.
- Any dust found on the vehicle or produced during work on the vehicle should be removed by extraction, not blowing.
- Asbestos dust waste should be dampened, placed in a sealed container and marked to ensure safe disposal.
- If any cutting, drilling, etc., is attempted on materials containing asbestos, the item should be dampened and only hand tools or low speed power tools used.
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