Cooper Convertible (R52) L4-1.6L (W10) (2005)
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Information Bus: Description and Operation
Technical Training
Bus Systems
The vehicle electrical architecture of the MINI has been designed to exploit the full potential of its technological advances. Rather than having a control
unit dedicated to its system and unaware of the operation of other systems, the systems around the MINI are all linked together.
The control units are linked to each other via bus-systems, allowing communication and exchange of information. Harness bulk and complexity is kept to
a minimum using this method to relay information to and from the different systems. This method used by MINI is called multiplexing.
Purpose of the System
Multiplexing is a technique which uses the same wiring repeatedly for communication between all systems. The systems are all inter-connected, forming
a network of communication lines. The information from sensors and switches are converted into digital signals by the system control unit and relayed
serially throughout the system network, which is also referred to as a data bus-system.
MINI COOPER Bus Network
System Components
K-Bus System
The K-bus system utilized in the MINI is the proven K-bus serial communication network used by BMW in the E46. It uses a single wire colored
white/red/yellow. The K-Bus used by Body related components to connect with other body electronic systems and the instrument cluster (IKE) is a slow
bus system, transmitting at 9600 bits per second.
The K-Bus switches between 0-12 volts (High/Low) and has a low impedance, making it resistant to electromagnetic interference. Most users are active
on the bus when the ignition is switched to KLR (Ignition Switch Acc. Position).
The K-Bus network enters sleep mode 60 seconds after the ignition is switched off. While in sleep mode the K-Bus is at 12 volts.
MINI COOPER K-Bus
CAN-Bus
The CAN protocol was originally developed by Intel(tm) and Bosch in 1988 for use in the automotive industry to provide a standardized, reliable and
cost-effective communications bus for a cars electronics to combat the increasing size of wiring harnesses.
The CAN-Bus system is a high speed serial data bus-system linked by an unshielded twisted pair of wires: yellow/black and yellow/brown. The wires are
twisted to minimize electromagnetic interference. Both wires carry information and for the CAN-Bus to operate, both signals must be present.
