9000 CSE V6-2962cc 3.0L DOHC (B308) (1996)
Pulse Width Modulation Signals
Background
On modern cars it is often necessary to send information between different systems, and some times between systems of different makes. Analogue
transfer of information has proved to be unreliable. Voltage drops in cables and connectors, as well as tolerances in the various control modules
and their sensors, are some of the causes of this unreliability.
PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)
This problem is solved by using PWM signals. PWM stands for Pulse Width Modulation, which means that it is the time the cable is energized
that is important, not the voltage level.
The PWM signal can also be described as a square wave, where the width of the voltage pulses corresponds to the information. Since the voltage