| Description and Operation The cooling system consists of an aluminium radiator core with plastic end tanks, water pump, thermostat, expansion tank and either a viscous or electrically driven cooling fan. Automatic transmission variants have an oil cooler built into the radiator left‐hand side end tank. The wax type thermostat ensures rapid engine warm up by restricting coolant flow at lower operating temperatures. It also assists in maintaining engine operating temperatures between pre‐determined limits. The cooling fans are mounted within shrouds behind the radiator. The viscous fan is driven by the alternator drive belt in which drive is transmitted to the freely rotating fan member by a viscous fluid. A bimetallic spiral, mounted on the front of the fan reacts to temperature allowing fluid into the space between the free and rotating parts of the fan whereby drive is connected or disconnected. The small diameter twin electrically driven fans are operated by a thermal switch in the water outlet of the thermostat housing. This actuates the fans when coolant temperatures reach a specific level. |  | WARNING: For reasons of safety, care should be taken to ensure that the ignition is switched off when working in the vicinity of the fans as an increase in coolant temperature may cause the fan to operate without warning. Failure to follow this instruction can result in personal injury. | Antifreeze | | WARNING: Antifreeze contains monoethylene glycol and other constituents which are toxic if taken internally and can be absorbed into the skin after prolonged contact. | Antifreeze content should be checked through the neck of the expansion tank with a hydrometer. The specific gravity (sg) of correctly balanced fluid is 1,061 (sg) at 15°C, which indicates an antifreeze concentration of 40%. If the concentration falls below 40% there is insufficient low temperature protection and the corrosion resistance will be inadequate. In such cases the concentration must be brought back to specification. Changing coolant Engine coolant is formulated to last for the lifetime of the vehicle and does not require replacement at regular intervals. If however the coolant is lost or topping up is required the system should be refilled using Motorcraft Super Plus 4 antifreeze, Ford Specification Number ESD‐M97B49‐A, to the correct proportions (40% antifreeze). | 
