Workshop Manuals Factory service & repair Fiat
01 00 Introduction and technical data02 10 Engine03 21 Gearbox and differential04 33 Braking system05 41 Steering06 44 Suspension and wheels07 27 Axle and rear differential (4x4)08 24 Propeller shaft (4x4)09 55 Electrical system10 70 Bodywork
Fiat Panda (141) Factory Service Manual (1986-2003)09 · 55 Electrical system
09 · Electrical

Variations in pre-heating period

Make
Fiat
Model
Panda (141) Factory Service Manual
Year
1986–2003
Section
Pre-heating (Panda D) › Variations in pre-heating period
55 Electrical systemVariations in pre-heating period
A rapid type heater plug, showing a threaded metal body with a hexagonal head and a dark tip.

Rapid type heater plug

NOTE The heater plug reaches a temperature of 850°C. It contains a resistive spiral in Alferon which has a high resistance and Nickel which has a low resistance, welded by laser. The outer casing is made of metal.

A graph plotting pre-heating time T (secs) on the vertical axis against ambient temperature on the horizontal axis (-30 to 70). The graph shows curves labeled A through E, with a shaded area indicating the pre-heating phase.

Variations in pre-heating period

  1. A. Period with heater plugs warning light on.
  2. B. Range in which the warning light goes out and pre-heating is taking place (shaded area).
  3. C. Period in which pre-heating is taking place and warning light is off. This stage which lasts 15 - 20 secs is counted starting when the warning light goes out.
  4. D. Post-heating period with heater plugs on and warning light off. This stage which lasts 15 - 20 secs is counted from when the starting stage is over and the engine is running.
  5. E. Period with warning light off and pre-heating over.
A close-up photograph of an electronic control unit with a multi-pin connector. Numbered callouts 1 through 6 point to specific terminals and cables connected to the unit.

HEATER PLUGS CONTROL UNIT

This is an electronic device which controls a relay for the current to pass automatically between terminals 1 and 5.

The control unit is rendered operational by the following connections:

  1. 1. large section black cable, from the battery
  2. 2. black earth cable
  3. 3. twin orange supply cable from the control unit: one coming from terminal 15/54 of the ignition switch; the other goes to the engine cut out device on the injection pump
  4. 4. red/black cable (instant starting control); coming from terminal 50 of the ignition switch
  5. 5. brown cable: to the heater plugs
  6. 6. brown cable to the heater plugs warning light (contact 6, connector E) of the instrument panel

Parts & tools for this job For 1986 Fiat Panda

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