Range Rover P38
BMW DIESEL
5
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Fuel injectors
Fuel is delivered to each cylinder through fuel injector
nozzles. An injector is screwed into a pre-combustion
chamber (swirl chamber) at each cylinder position.
The precombustion chambers are also fitted with glow
plugs. Each injector comprises a nozzle holder and
contains a spring-loaded needle valve; the nozzle
holder of cylinder No 4 incorporates a sender which
senses the time of fuel ejection by recognising needle
movement. This information is utilised by the DDE
system -
See ENGINE MANAGEMENT, Description.
1. Fuel injector
2. Glow plug
3. Pre-combustion chamber
4. Piston crown, V-patterned groove
Air intake
Fresh air is drawn in through an air cleaner assembly
secured to the left hand inner wing of the vehicle. The
air cleaner assembly comprises a housing which
contains a paper filter element. The rectangular,
two-part housing is constructed from moulded plastic
and incorporates an air inlet and an air outlet.
The air cleaner delivers filtered air to the turbocharger.
Forced aspiration system
Forced aspiration is by an exhaust driven
turbocharger. Compressed air, from the turbocharger,
passes through an intercooler to the charge air
collector mounted on the cylinder head.
Turbocharger
The turbocharger consists of a compressor housing
and a turbine housing bolted to the exhaust manifold.
The compressor housing has an ambient air inlet and
a compressed air outlet. The turbine housing has an
exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet. Both
compressor and turbine housings are bolted to a
central bearing housing. The bearing housing contains
two pressure lubricated bearings which provide
support for the rotor shaft. An exhaust-gas driven
turbine mounted at one end of the rotor shaft, drives a
centrifugal compressor mounted at the other.
To regulate charge air pressure, a by-pass plate is
installed on the exhaust side of the turbocharger. The
by-pass plate is connected to a pneumatic pressure
actuator.
1. Charge air outlet
2. Pressurised oil from engine
3. Turbine housing
4. Turbine
5. Exhaust gas outlet
6. Exhaust gas inlet
7. Bearing housing
8. Rotor shaft
9. Compressor housing
10. Compressor
11. Air intake