Engine Component Description
Cylinder Block
The cylinder hollow frame structured 4 cylinder in-line. The
block has 5 crankshaft bearings with the thrust bearing located on
the third bearing from the front of the engine.
Crankshaft
The crankshaft is a steel crankshaft. It is supported in 5 main
journals with main bearings which have oil clearance for
lubricating. The 3rd bearing of the 5 main bearing is the thrust
bearing whose the crankshaft has properly axial end play.
Oil Pump
The oil pump is a rotor pump located in the oil pump housing on
the timing side and driven by the crankshaft. The oil pump draws
engine oil from the oil pan and feeds it under pressure to the
various parts of the engine. At high engine speeds, the oil pump
supplies a much higher amount of oil than required for lubrication
of the engine. The oil pressure regulator prevents that too much
engine oil is entering the lubricating passages.
Piston And Connecting Rod
The pistons are aluminum pistons with top land. The connecting
rods are fractured steel connecting rods with bushing. The piston
pin is floating the connecting rod bore.
Cylinder Head
This cylinder head is double over head camshaft (DOHC) type and
has 2 camshafts that open 4 valves per cylinder with tappets. The
cylinder head is made of cast aluminum alloy for better strength in
hardness with light weight.
Camshaft And Valve Train
Intake and exhaust camshaft are connected to each other with
gears. The intake camshaft has a camshaft sprocket which is driven
by the timing chain. The valve actuation occurs by hydraulic valve
lifters and valve rocker arms which are located between cam and
valve stem.The valve clearences are self adjusting.
Intake Manifold
The intake manifold is the air flow passage to the cylinder
combustion chamber through the throttle body and has an effect on
engine torque, power, noise, drivability, emission, fuel economy
and performance. The intake air amount is regulated by vacuum
controlled flaps.
Exhaust Manifold
The exhaust manifold is located to the cylinder head and send
the turbocharger the exhaust gas out of the combustion chamber. It
is designed to endure on high pressure and high temperature.
Turbocharger
The turbocharger is located between exhaust manifold and
catalytic converter with diesel particulate filter. It consists of
an exhaust gas turbine and a fresh air turbine which are connected
to each other by a rod. The exhaust gas turbine is driven by the
exhaust gas and the fresh air turbine is driven by the exhaust gas
turbine. The fresh air turbine creates compressed air which is
cooled down in the charger air cooler. The charge air cooling
increases the air density. The cooled, compressed air is discharged
under pressure to the engine. The turbocharger has a vacuum
controlled variable turbine geometry which modulates the charge
pressure to the engine speed and load.
Exhaust Gas Recirculation System
The recirculation of exhaust gas to the combustion chamber
causes a reduction of NOx - emissions. The reduction of exhaust gas
emissions can be increased by the cooling of the recirculating
exhaust gas. Therefor a exhaust gas recirculation cooler with
exhaust gas recirculation valve is located between exhaust manifold
and cylinder head.
Fuel Injection System
The engine is equipped with a common rail direct injection
system. A high pressure fuel pump, driven by the timing belt
discharges the fuel to the fuel rail, where the fuel is stored with
pressure up to 160 Mpa (23206 psi). The fuel is injected by
electronic controlled fuel injectors direct to the combustion
chamber.
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