Lubrication system faults

1. Distributor cam or shaft worn. Overhaul distributor or fit replacement (correct one).
2. Fuel with incorrect octane rating used. Check with manufacturers recommendation. Pinking can also be caused by overheating of the engine or too much advanced ignition timing.
3. Carbon brush in distributor cap worn or spring too weak. Check and replace if necessary.

LUBRICATION SYSTEM FAULTS

The only problem the lubrication system should give is excessive oil consumption or low oil pressure, or the oil warning light not going off.

Excessive oil consumption can be caused by worn cylinder bores, pistons and/or piston rings, worn valve guides, worn valve stem seals or a damaged crankshaft oil seal or leaking gasket on any of the engine parts. In most cases the engine must be dismantled to locate the fault.

Low oil pressure can be caused by a faulty oil pressure gauge, sender unit or wiring, a defective relief valve, low oil level, blocked oil pick-up pipe for the oil pump, worn oil pump or damaged main or big end bearings. In most cases it is logical to check the oil level first and then the operation of the oil pressure gauge (if fitted). All other causes require the dismantling and repair of the engine.

If the oil warning light stays on, switch off the engine immediately, as delay could cause complete seizure within minutes.

COOLING SYSTEM FAULTS

Common faults are: Overheating, loss of coolant and slow warming-up of the engine:

Overheating:

1. Lack of coolant: Open the radiator cap with care to avoid injuries. Never pour cold water into an overheated engine. Wait until engine cools down and pour in coolant whilst engine is running.
2. Radiator core obstructed by leaves, insects, etc.: Blow with air line from the back of the radiator or with a water hose to clean.
3. Fan belt loose or slipping: Re-adjust the fan belt tension or replace belt. In emergency use a nylon stocking to make up a make-shift fan belt by tying the stocking around all pulleys.
4. Thermostat sticking: If sticking in the closed position, coolant can only circulate within the cylinder head or block. Remove thermostat and check as described in section "Cooling".