STARTER MOTOR AND COMPONENTS

Description 5520B

1.2 8v, 1.3 Multijet, 1.4 16v

Introduction

The starting system is composed of the ignition switch controlled by the key and the starter motor which is connected directly to the battery.

For some time now, in addition to motors with series or series/parallel windings, motors have been developed with ceramic magnet ferrite permanent magnet energizing.

Specifications

Circular magnet with magnetically preorientated crystals

The rough components are directed into the desired shape by pressing and extrusion. Lastly, after a thorough baking procedure, the material turns into the magnets that have a black ceramic structure. The magnetizing treatment takes place during the manufacturing process.

The magnets have a circular sector and thereby replace the polar part and its winding

1. Radial alignment

2. Parallel alignment

Stator-inductor

The positioning of the magnets cannot be done through strong compression or by means of riveting because the magnets are reasonably fragile: they are secured by flexible means, clips which, in some cases, are stuck to the casing. The casing assembly can be compared with a simple mechanical component without wires to be fitted using two special bolts; it has 6 magnetic poles.

1. Permanent N-S magnets

Rotor-armature (with epicyclical reduction unit)

The rotor-armature is illustrated in the diagram below.

1. Shaft

2. Seal/ring gear

3. Satellite/planet gears

4. Pinion/sun gear

5. Armature

6. Manifold/switch

Given that the magnetic field is produced by permanent magnets, the energizing is the same in all motor operating conditions; in addition, as there are no energizing windings, there is no energizing current or ohmic resistance: the total resistance only depends on the armature circuit. The rotation speed is only influenced by the current that passes through the blades and reaches the armature depending on the applied voltage. Since the motor is equipped with permanent magnets, i.e. with fixed polarity, the direction of rotation depends on how the current is sent to the blades.

When rotating, the armature transmits motion to the three satellite gears fitted on special supports that transmit their drive torque to the ring gear or crown wheel in one piece with the output shaft where the pinion is located, which rotates the engine flywheel. The optimum reduction radio 1:4.26 is 4.26 revs of the armature for every revolution of the ring gear and the presence of permanent magnets makes it possible to produce small, simply designed motors with a comparable power output in relation to motors with windings.

The following diagram shows the starter motor for the 1.2 8V and 1.4 16V petrol engines.

1. Pinion with free wheel

2. Epicyclic reduction gear

3. Inductor permanent magnets

4. Polar casing assembly

5. Armature or rotor

6. Blades

7. Manifold

8. Manifold side support

9. Engagement relay

10. Lever

11. Control-side support

The following diagram shows the starter motor for the 1.3 16V Multijet engine.

1. Pinion with free wheel

2. Epicyclic reduction gear

3. Inductor permanent magnets

4. Polar casing assembly

5. Armature or rotor

6. Blades

7. Manifold

8. Manifold side support

9. Engagement relay

10. Lever

11. Control-side support